Eugenio de Jesús Marcano Fondeur (1923-2003)

Naturalist, paleontologist, botanist, entomologist, educator

Biography

marcano_0004
Prof. Eugenio Marcano F.

He was born on September 27, 1923 in Licey al Medio (also known as Licey of the Marcanos or simply Los Marcanos), belonging to the Tamboril municipality (Santiago Province), Dominican Republic.

His parents were Jesús María Marcano Santana, from the same Licey al Medio, and Clemencia Bienvenida Fondeur, a native of Hatillo Palma, in the Northwest. The couple had five children: Eugenio de Jesús (“Geno”), Luz María (“Mía”), Carmen Dilia (“Llilla”), Luis, and Rafael. All currently deceased. Before the marriage, Jesús María had Efraín, also deceased.

He completed his first education in the elementary school of Licey al Medio, then went on to the Primary School of Tamboril, where he completed his primary studies. He moved to Santiago de los Caballeros to continue his secondary studies at the Ulises Francisco Espaillat Secondary School, where he obtained the title of Normal Teacher of First Education. At the same time, he studied business (accounting, typing).

After graduating, he started working as an accountant for some commercial companies, as well as starting some small businesses of his own.

In April 1947 he married Consuelo Martínez, from Tamboril. They had five children: José Eugenio, Clemencia Consuelo, Jesús María, Matilde Asunción and Eugenio de Jesús.

Shortly after the Santiago Rodríguez province was created (1948), he moved to his capital city, Sabaneta, where he worked for a time as an accountant at Banco Agrícola. He then founded the San Ignacio de Loyola Commercial Institute, the first school of commerce in Sabaneta.

During his stay in Sabaneta, he used to go on excursions to neighboring areas. It is at this stage that he begins to deepen the study of geology, especially paleontology, due to the notable presence of several Miocene geological formations (Gurabo, Cercado, among others) with a notable abundance of fossils.

In 1953 he was appointed Professor of Botany at the Emilio Prud’Homme Normal School, in Santiago de los Caballeros, returning to reside in said city. That same year he was also appointed professor at the Ulises Francisco Espaillat High School and at the Santiago Commerce Academy.

During these years in Santiago, he continued making excursions for geological and botanical surveys, frequently accompanying doctors Santiago Bueno and Federico Lithgow, nature lovers and great connoisseurs of our mountains. He also accompanied and collaborated with whom he always considered his Master: the eminent Dominican botanist Dr. José de Jesús Jiménez Almonte.

On March 5, 1955 he was appointed, on the recommendation of Dr. Jiménez, Curator of the Herbarium of the University of Santo Domingo, subsequently occupying the Chair of Botany in the old Faculty of Pharmacy. On that same date, he was appointed Professor of Botany and Entomology at the Loyola Polytechnic Institute of San Cristóbal.

In 1958 he participated with Doctors Clayton Ray and Stanley Rand, from the Smithsonian Institution, in a survey of practically all the caves in the country. In this recognition, the remains of a fossil Insectivore new to science were discovered and named by Dr. Patterson as Antillogale marcanoi (later changed to Solenodon marcanoi), the first biological species to bear the name of Professor Marcano.

When Dr. Carlos González Núñez retired, in 1964 he was appointed Director of the Botanical and Zoological Research Institute of the Autonomous University of Santo Domingo, a position he held until his death.

In 1963 the Pan American Union made an evaluation of the country’s natural resources. Professor Marcano accompanied and advised Humberto Tasaico, ecologist of said organism, in the characterization and delimitation of the life zones according to the Holdridge system.

With the arrival in the country of Father Julio Cicero, s.j, a pair of professor researchers was formed who gave impetus to biological and ecological research and teaching. They were later joined by Professor Idelisa Bonelly, who dedicated herself to the field of marine biology. With these researchers, the School of Biology at the Autonomous University of Santo Domingo began in 1968.

He was one of the founding members and Member of the Academy of Sciences of the Dominican Republic. This institution awarded him the 1983 Annual Science Prize, in recognition of his scientific work in the country for years.

marcano en la puera de la "cueva"
Eugenio de Jesús Marcano F. at the Herbarium USD (“The Cave”) (Year 2001)

In 1978 he took charge of the Museum of Natural History with the position of Director, a position in which he remained until 1982. During this period, an activity that had already begun before and which continued after leaving the Museum was strengthened: scientific excursions or, as they called it, “Science Excursions”, with Father Julio Cicero and the journalist Félix Servio Ducoudray. They were frequently accompanied by Agronomist Abraham Abud Antún (“Bambán”), Marcano’s student in the full sense of the word, and other national and international researchers. These excursions were carried out every weekend to different parts of the country and were reported in the Saturday supplements of the newspaper El Caribe between 1978-1989. A compilation of all these stories, with the name of “Dominican Nature” (Naturaleza Dominicana) was published by the León Jimenes group in 2006.

For his extraordinary scientific and educational work, on February 8, 1975, the Autonomous University of Santo Domingo (UASD) awarded him the title of Doctor Honoris Causa in Biology.

He passed away in the city of Santo Domingo, on September 18, 2003.

Marcano was considered by many to be the ultimate naturalist of the Dominican Republic, used this term to designate people who, without specialized academic training in the area of their interest to which they dedicate long years of studies, manage to become, due to their tenacious perseverance and exceptional observation skills, in great connoisseurs of the different aspects of natural history.

As a product of almost 50 years of fruitful teaching activity, Marcano created a legion of students that he left scattered throughout the national territory.

La Naturaleza Dominicana, tomo 6, página 368.
Santo Domingo: Grupo León Jiménez, 2006.